:root{--color-primary-text:#333;--color-secondary-text:#999;--color-white:#fff;--color-lighter-gray:#f6f6f6;--color-light-gray:#e6e6e6;--color-mid-gray:#ccc;--color-dark-gray:#444;--color-darker-gray:#15171a;--color-black:#000;--font-sans:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;--font-serif:Georgia,serif;--head-nav-gap:2.8rem;--h1-size:4.6rem;--gap:3.6rem;--header-spacing:80px}@media (max-width:767px){:root{--h1-size:3.2rem!important;--gap:2rem;--header-spacing:48px}}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:border-box}blockquote,body,dd,dl,figure,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,p{margin:0}ol[role=list],ul[role=list]{list-style:none}html:focus-within{scroll-behavior:smooth}body{min-height:100vh;line-height:1.5;text-rendering:optimizespeed}a:not([class]){-webkit-text-decoration-skip:ink;text-decoration-skip-ink:auto}img,picture{display:block;max-width:100%}button,input,select,textarea{font:inherit}@media 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(max-width:767px){.gh-article-excerpt{font-size:1.9rem}.gh-article-image{margin-top:2.4rem}}.gh-meta-share{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between}.gh-button-share{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;padding:.5em 1.2em;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:600;border:1px solid rgba(0,0,0,.15);border-radius:999px;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);background:transparent;cursor:pointer;transition:all .4s ease;white-space:nowrap;text-decoration:none}.gh-button-share:hover{border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.5);opacity:1}.gh-button-share svg{width:20px;height:20px;margin-top:-2px;margin-right:-4px}:is(.dark-mode,.theme-dark,.has-light-text) .gh-button-share{color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.85);border-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.15)}:is(.dark-mode,.theme-dark,.has-light-text) .gh-button-share:hover{border-color:hsla(0,0%,100%,.5)}.gh-content{margin-top:4rem;font-size:var(--content-font-size,1.8rem);letter-spacing:var(--content-letter-spacing,0);word-break:break-word}.gh-content>*+*{margin-top:calc(1.6em*var(--content-spacing-multiplier, 1));margin-bottom:0}.gh-content>[id]{margin:0}.gh-content>.kg-card+[id]{margin-top:calc(2em*var(--content-spacing-multiplier, 1))!important}.has-serif-title:not([class*=" gh-font-heading"]):not([class^=gh-font-heading]) .gh-content>[id]{font-family:var(--gh-font-heading,var(--font-serif));letter-spacing:-.01em}.gh-content>[id]:not(:first-child){margin-top:calc(1.6em*var(--content-spacing-multiplier, 1))}.gh-content>[id]+*{margin-top:calc(.8em*var(--content-spacing-multiplier, 1))}.gh-content>blockquote,.gh-content>hr{position:relative}.gh-content>blockquote,.gh-content>blockquote+*,.gh-content>hr,.gh-content>hr+*{margin-top:calc(2.4em*var(--content-spacing-multiplier, 1))}.gh-content h2{font-size:1.6em}.gh-content 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100%,10px 100%}.gh-content table:not(.gist table) td:first-child{background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,#fff 50%,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:20px 100%}.gh-content table:not(.gist table) td:last-child{background-image:linear-gradient(270deg,#fff 50%,hsla(0,0%,100%,0));background-repeat:no-repeat;background-position:100% 0;background-size:20px 100%}.gh-content table:not(.gist table) th{font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:700;color:var(--color-darkgrey);text-align:left;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.2px;background-color:var(--color-white)}.gh-content table:not(.gist table) td,.gh-content table:not(.gist table) th{padding:6px 12px;border:1px solid var(--color-light-gray)}.page-template .gh-content:only-child{margin-top:0!important}.page-template .gh-content:only-child>:first-child:not(.kg-width-full){margin-top:var(--header-spacing,80px)}.page-template .gh-content>:last-child:not(.kg-width-full){margin-bottom:var(--footer-spacing,0)}@media 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rgba(7,26,47,.11);transform:translateY(-5px)}.editorial-card-media{background:#e9f1f6;display:block;min-height:220px;overflow:hidden;position:relative}.editorial-card:first-child .editorial-card-media{min-height:360px}.editorial-card-media img{height:100%;inset:0;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;position:absolute;transition:transform .45s ease;width:100%}.editorial-card:hover .editorial-card-media img{transform:scale(1.025)}.editorial-card-placeholder{align-items:center;background:linear-gradient(145deg,#d8f7f2,#dceeff);display:flex;gap:12px;inset:0;justify-content:center;position:absolute}.editorial-card-placeholder i{background:var(--chahid-navy);border-radius:999px;height:70px;opacity:.75;transform:rotate(35deg);width:14px}.editorial-card-placeholder i:nth-child(2){background:var(--chahid-teal);height:110px}.editorial-card-placeholder i:nth-child(3){background:var(--chahid-blue);height:48px}.editorial-card-body{padding:clamp(2.2rem,3vw,3.2rem)}.editorial-card-meta{align-items:center;color:var(--chahid-muted);display:flex;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:700;justify-content:space-between;letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase}.editorial-card-meta a{color:var(--chahid-teal)}.editorial-card h3{font-size:2.4rem;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.15;margin:1.5rem 0}.editorial-card p{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.6}.card-read-link{color:var(--chahid-navy);display:inline-flex;font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:800;gap:.5rem;margin-top:1rem}.topic-directory{background:#fff}.topic-grid{display:grid;gap:1px;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.topic-panel{background:var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:410px;padding:clamp(3rem,4vw,5rem);position:relative;transition:transform .25s ease}.topic-panel:first-child{border-radius:var(--chahid-radius) 0 0 var(--chahid-radius)}.topic-panel:last-child{border-radius:0 var(--chahid-radius) var(--chahid-radius) 0}.topic-panel-ai{background:#0b3c4b}.topic-panel-architecture{background:#123b5b}.topic-panel:hover{transform:translateY(-7px);z-index:2}.topic-index{color:#8be6dc;font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.15em}.topic-panel h3{font-size:2.4rem;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.15;margin:auto 0 2rem;color:#fff}.topic-panel p{color:#c8d8e3;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.6;max-width:360px}.topic-arrow{align-items:center;display:inline-flex;position:absolute;right:3rem;top:2.5rem}.topic-arrow svg{height:2.2rem;width:2.2rem}.language-editions{padding-block:clamp(7rem,10vw,13rem)}.language-editions-inner{display:grid;gap:2rem;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.evergreen-guides{padding-block:clamp(6rem,8vw,10rem)}.evergreen-guide-grid{display:grid;gap:1.4rem;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr))}.evergreen-guide-grid a{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-radius:18px;color:var(--chahid-ink);display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:150px;padding:2.4rem;transition:border-color .2s ease,box-shadow .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.evergreen-guide-grid a:hover{border-color:rgba(13,126,119,.45);box-shadow:0 16px 38px rgba(11,31,51,.07);transform:translateY(-3px)}.evergreen-guide-grid span{color:var(--chahid-teal);font-size:1.15rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.1em;margin-bottom:auto;text-transform:uppercase}.evergreen-guide-grid strong{font-size:1.65rem;line-height:1.35}.collection-pathways{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.8rem;margin-block:3rem 4rem}.collection-pathways a{background:#f5fafb;border:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-radius:999px;color:var(--chahid-ink);font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:600;padding:.8rem 1.25rem}.collection-pathways a:hover{border-color:var(--chahid-teal);color:var(--chahid-teal)}.edition-card{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-radius:var(--chahid-radius);box-shadow:0 18px 45px rgba(7,26,47,.06);padding:clamp(3rem,5vw,6rem)}.edition-card h2{font-size:3.2rem;letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.1;margin-block:1.5rem}.edition-card p{color:#52677f;font-size:1.6rem;margin-bottom:2.5rem}.edition-card.is-arabic{font-family:Noto Kufi Arabic,Geeza Pro,Tahoma,sans-serif}.newsletter-band{padding-bottom:clamp(7rem,10vw,13rem)}.newsletter-band-inner{align-items:center;background:linear-gradient(120deg,var(--chahid-teal),var(--chahid-cyan));border-radius:var(--chahid-radius);display:flex;gap:4rem;justify-content:space-between;padding:clamp(3.5rem,6vw,7rem)}.newsletter-band .topic-kicker{color:var(--chahid-navy)}.newsletter-band h2{font-size:3.2rem;letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.1;margin:1.2rem 0;max-width:800px}.newsletter-band p{color:#113f51;font-size:1.6rem;margin:0}.newsletter-button{background:var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;flex:none}.editorial-journey-section{background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(241,247,250,.58),hsla(0,0%,100%,0) 18rem),#fff;border-top:1px solid #edf2f5}.editorial-journey-section .section-heading{margin-bottom:clamp(5rem,8vw,9rem)}.editorial-journey-section .section-heading h2{max-width:640px}.home-journey{--journey-progress:0;margin-inline:auto;max-width:1120px;position:relative}.home-journey-list{display:grid;gap:clamp(6rem,10vw,12rem)}.home-journey-track{background:#d8e5ea;bottom:2.5rem;left:50%;position:absolute;top:2.5rem;transform:translateX(-.5px);width:1px;z-index:0}.home-journey-progress{background:linear-gradient(180deg,#a7dcd7 0,var(--chahid-teal) 72%,#f2aa39 100%);display:block;height:calc(var(--journey-progress)*100%);max-height:100%;transform-origin:top;width:1px}.home-journey-signal{background:#f2aa39;border:4px solid #fff;border-radius:50%;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px rgba(216,142,25,.35),0 0 24px rgba(242,170,57,.45);height:13px;left:50%;position:absolute;top:calc(var(--journey-progress)*100%);transform:translate(-50%,-50%);width:13px}.home-journey-item{align-items:center;display:grid;gap:clamp(6rem,9vw,12rem);grid-template-areas:"media copy";grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(0,.88fr);min-height:380px;opacity:0;position:relative;transform:translate3d(-22px,24px,0);transition:opacity .7s ease,transform .85s cubic-bezier(.18,.8,.2,1);z-index:1}.home-journey-item:nth-child(2n){grid-template-areas:"copy media";grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.88fr) minmax(0,1fr);transform:translate3d(22px,24px,0)}.home-journey-item:before{background:#fff;border:2px solid var(--chahid-teal);border-radius:50%;content:"";height:12px;left:50%;position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translate(-50%,-50%);transition:background .25s ease,box-shadow .25s ease,transform .25s 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h3{color:var(--chahid-ink);font-size:clamp(2.6rem,3vw,3.6rem);letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.08;margin:0 0 1.8rem}.home-journey-copy h3 a{color:inherit}.home-journey-copy p{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.48rem;line-height:1.68;margin:0}.home-journey-link{align-items:center;color:var(--chahid-navy);display:inline-flex;font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:750;gap:.8rem;margin-top:2.3rem}.home-journey-link svg{height:1.55rem;transition:transform .2s ease;width:1.55rem}.home-journey-link:hover svg{transform:translateX(5px)}.home-topic-rail{border-bottom:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-top:1px solid var(--chahid-line);display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,minmax(0,1fr));margin-top:clamp(7rem,10vw,12rem)}.home-topic-rail a{align-items:baseline;border-inline-end:1px solid var(--chahid-line);display:flex;gap:1rem;min-width:0;padding:2.2rem 1.6rem}.home-topic-rail a:last-child{border-inline-end:0}.home-topic-rail span{color:var(--chahid-teal);font-family:IBM Plex Mono,monospace;font-size:1rem}.home-topic-rail strong{color:var(--chahid-ink);font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.3}.home-topic-rail a:hover strong{color:var(--chahid-teal)}.home-profile-band{padding-bottom:clamp(3rem,5vw,6rem)}.home-profile-band-inner{align-items:center;background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-top:1px solid var(--chahid-line);display:grid;gap:2.6rem;grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr) auto;padding-block:clamp(2.8rem,5vw,4.5rem)}.home-profile-band img{border:1px solid #c7dbe2;border-radius:50%;height:76px;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;-o-object-position:center 28%;object-position:center 28%;width:76px}.home-profile-band h2{color:var(--chahid-ink);font-size:clamp(2rem,2.4vw,2.8rem);letter-spacing:-.03em;line-height:1.16;margin:.8rem 0 .7rem;max-width:720px}.home-profile-band p{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.35rem;margin:0}.home-profile-band .gh-primary-btn{background:var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;white-space:nowrap}.home-profile-band .gh-primary-btn svg{height:1.5rem;margin-inline-start:.5rem;width:1.5rem}@media (max-width:899px){.home-journey-track{left:10px;transform:none}.home-journey-item,.home-journey-item:nth-child(2n){gap:2.4rem;grid-template-areas:"media" "copy";grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);min-height:0;padding-inline-start:3.2rem;transform:translate3d(0,22px,0)}.home-journey-item:before{left:10px;top:clamp(10rem,25vw,14rem)}.home-journey-copy{max-width:680px}.home-topic-rail{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.home-topic-rail a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--chahid-line)}.home-profile-band-inner{grid-template-columns:auto minmax(0,1fr)}.home-profile-band .gh-primary-btn{grid-column:1/-1;justify-content:center;width:100%}}@media (max-width:560px){.editorial-journey-section .section-heading{align-items:flex-start;gap:2rem}.home-journey-list{gap:5rem}.home-journey-media{border-radius:14px;padding:.55rem}.home-journey-copy h3{font-size:2.45rem}.home-journey-copy p{font-size:1.38rem}.home-topic-rail{grid-template-columns:1fr}.home-topic-rail a{border-inline-end:0;justify-content:space-between;padding:1.45rem .4rem}.home-profile-band-inner{align-items:start;gap:1.6rem}.home-profile-band img{height:58px;width:58px}.home-profile-band h2{font-size:1.9rem}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.home-journey-item,.home-journey-item:nth-child(2n){opacity:1;transform:none;transition:none}.home-journey-signal{display:none}.home-journey-progress{height:100%}}.article-toc{background:#edf7f6;border:1px solid #c7e9e4;border-radius:16px;margin:1rem auto 4rem;max-width:960px;padding:1.6rem 2rem;width:60%}.article-toc-toggle{align-items:center;background:none;border:0;color:var(--chahid-navy);cursor:pointer;display:flex;font:inherit;font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:800;justify-content:space-between;padding:0;width:100%}.article-toc-toggle>span:last-child{align-items:center;border:1px solid #a9d6d0;border-radius:50%;display:inline-flex;flex:0 0 2.6rem;font-family:IBM Plex Mono,monospace;height:2.6rem;justify-content:center;transition:background .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.article-toc-toggle:hover>span:last-child{background:#fff}.article-toc-toggle[aria-expanded=false]>span:last-child{transform:rotate(90deg)}.article-toc ol{display:grid;gap:.7rem;margin:1.4rem 0 0;padding-inline-start:2rem}.article-toc ol[hidden]{display:none}.article-toc li{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.3rem}.article-toc li.is-subheading{margin-inline-start:1.5rem}.article-toc a:hover{color:var(--chahid-teal)}.gh-content h2,.gh-content h3{scroll-margin-top:10rem}.empty-state{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.6rem;grid-column:1/-1}.collection-header{background:var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;padding-block:clamp(7rem,10vw,12rem)}.collection-header-inner h1{font-size:clamp(4rem,5vw,4.8rem);letter-spacing:-.045em;line-height:1.03;margin:1.8rem 0 2.5rem;max-width:900px}.collection-header-inner p{color:#c4d2df;font-size:1.6rem;line-height:1.65;max-width:760px}.collection-header.is-arabic{font-family:Noto Kufi Arabic,Geeza Pro,Tahoma,sans-serif}.collection-header.is-arabic .collection-header-inner h1{letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.3}.post-feed.is-arabic{font-family:Noto Kufi Arabic,Geeza Pro,Tahoma,sans-serif}.gh-foot,.gh-foot a{color:var(--chahid-muted)}.cto-service{background:var(--chahid-paper)}.cto-hero{background:radial-gradient(circle at 82% 12%,rgba(56,189,248,.22),transparent 28%),var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;overflow:hidden}.cto-hero-inner{align-items:end;display:grid;gap:clamp(4rem,8vw,10rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.55fr) minmax(290px,.65fr);min-height:650px;padding-block:clamp(8rem,11vw,13rem)}.cto-hero .topic-kicker{color:#7fe7dc}.cto-hero h1{font-size:clamp(4rem,5vw,4.8rem);letter-spacing:-.045em;line-height:1.03;margin:1.8rem 0 2.5rem;max-width:780px}.cto-hero-copy>p{color:#c4d2df;font-size:1.8rem;line-height:1.65;max-width:700px}.cto-actions{align-items:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2.4rem;margin-top:3.5rem}.cto-actions .gh-primary-btn{background:var(--chahid-teal);color:var(--chahid-navy)}.cto-actions .text-link{color:#fff}.cto-profile{background:hsla(0,0%,100%,.07);border:1px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.18);border-radius:var(--chahid-radius);padding:clamp(2.5rem,4vw,4rem)}.cto-profile-label{color:#7fe7dc;display:block;font-family:IBM Plex Sans,sans-serif;font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:.12em;margin-bottom:1.2rem;text-transform:uppercase}.cto-profile>strong{display:block;font-size:2.4rem;line-height:1.2}.cto-profile>p{color:#c4d2df;font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.6;margin:1.5rem 0 2.5rem}.cto-profile dl{border-top:1px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.16);margin:0}.cto-profile dl div{border-bottom:1px solid hsla(0,0%,100%,.16);padding-block:1.4rem}.cto-profile dt{color:#8fa6b9;font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase}.cto-profile dd{color:#fff;font-size:1.4rem;margin:.45rem 0 0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.cto-body{padding-block:clamp(7rem,10vw,13rem)}.cto-body-inner{align-items:start;display:grid;gap:clamp(4rem,8vw,10rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 330px}.cto-content{margin:0;max-width:780px}.cto-content>p:first-child{color:var(--chahid-navy);font-size:2rem;line-height:1.6}.cto-content h2{border-top:1px solid var(--chahid-line);font-size:3.2rem;letter-spacing:-.035em;margin-top:6rem;padding-top:5rem}.cto-content h3{color:var(--chahid-navy);font-size:2.4rem;margin-top:4rem}.cto-content li{margin-bottom:1rem}.cto-sticky{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--chahid-line);border-radius:var(--chahid-radius);box-shadow:0 20px 55px rgba(7,26,47,.08);padding:3rem;position:sticky;top:11rem}.cto-sticky h2{font-size:2.4rem;letter-spacing:-.025em;line-height:1.2;margin:1.5rem 0}.cto-sticky p{color:var(--chahid-muted);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.65;margin-bottom:2.5rem}.cto-sticky .gh-btn{background:var(--chahid-navy);color:#fff;width:100%}.about-hero,.about-profile{background:#fff}.about-hero{overflow:hidden;position:relative}.about-hero .wave-field{left:40%}.about-hero-inner{align-items:end;display:grid;gap:clamp(4rem,8vw,10rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.4fr) 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